However, they may have a positive skin reaction test or blood test. People with inactive TB do not exhibit symptoms. What are the signs and symptoms of tuberculosis? Many researchers are working on treatments to stop this from happening. This is when the latent TB infection becomes active TB. However, TB can become active if your immune system becomes weakened and cannot stop the bacteria from growing. Some people can have a latent TB infection for a lifetime, without it ever becoming active and developing into TB disease. Although the bacteria are inactive, they still remain alive in the body and can become active later. The bacterium becomes inactive in these individuals, causing a latent TB infection.Īs many as 13 million people in the U.S. Most people who breathe in TB bacteria are able to fight the bacteria and stop it from growing. Only people with active pulmonary infection are contagious. TB can be spread when a person with active TB disease releases germs into the air through coughing, sneezing, talking, singing or even laughing. You usually have to spend a lot of time in contact with someone who is contagious in order to catch it. Although TB is infectious, it doesn’t spread easily. The germs are spread through the air and usually infect the lungs, but can also infect other parts of the body. TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Lymphadenitis in your neck, also called scrofula or TB lymphadenitis.Addison’s disease, an adrenal gland condition.Pott’s disease, also called spinal tuberculosis or tuberculosis spondylitis.Sterile pyuria, or high levels of white blood cells in your urine.Meningitis, an inflammation of your brain.You might also hear about systemic miliary tuberculosis, which can spread throughout your body and cause: But the bacterium can also affect other parts of your body besides the lungs, causing extrapulmonary tuberculosis (or TB outside of the lung). In addition to active or inactive, you might hear about different kinds of TB, including the most common, pulmonary (lung) tuberculosis. Are there different kinds of tuberculosis? The national incidence rate is 2.4 cases per 100,000 people. Statistics show that there were 7,860 tuberculosis cases reported in the U.S. but the number of cases fell rapidly in the 1940s and 1950s after researchers found treatments. TB was once the leading cause of death in the U.S. If you’re infected, develop symptoms and are contagious, you have active tuberculosis or tuberculosis disease (TB disease).Ībout 10 million people became ill with TB throughout the world, and about 1.5 million people died from the disease in 2020. It may seem like TB has gone away, but it’s dormant (sleeping) inside your body. If you’re infected with the bacterium, but don’t have symptoms, you have inactive tuberculosis or latent tuberculosis infection (also called latent TB). Not everyone who becomes infected with TB gets sick, but if you do get sick you need to be treated. The word “tuberculosis” comes from a Latin word for "nodule" or something that sticks out. It commonly affects your lungs, but it can also affect other organs like your spine, brain or kidneys. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that can cause infection in your lungs or other tissues. Your lungs are infected with tuberculosis bacteria when you have tuberculosis.
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